ASIAN MIGRATION NEWS

 


 

ASIAN MIGRATION NEWS IS A MONTHLY NEWS SERVICE PRODUCED BY THE SCALABRINI MIGRATION CENTER (SMC)

 


 

1-31 December 2009

 

Protecting migrant workers’ rights

During International Migrants Day last 18 December 2009, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon highlighted the driving forces behind migration. He outlined that a demand for foreign workers exists in places of high unemployment, underscoring that migrants are needed to fuel growth amid the global economic crisis. The secretary-general stated that “migration can be a positive and empowering experience for migrants themselves, and for both the home and host countries.” However, migrants are vulnerable to discrimination, exploitation and abuse. The global economic and financial crisis has led countries to tighten restrictions on migration, which can be considered a form of exploitation and abuse. According to Ban, though, migration can be part of a long-term solution. He urged the governments to protect human rights of migrants and to put human rights at the heart of migration policy. Also, he called on the UN member-states to ratify the Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families.

 

Canada to begin assessing migrants’ credentials

Canada attracts more than 250,000 new immigrants each year. Though most of these immigrants are better qualified than some Canadian counterparts, they end up in low-paid jobs because of non-recognition of their foreign credentials. In view of the looming shortage of skilled workers in many industries, Immigration Minister Jason Kenney announced that foreign credentials in 14 fields such as engineering, architecture and nursing will be assessed within a year.

 

US deports 286 foreigners with criminal records

A total of 286 foreign nationals with criminal records have either been deported from the United States or face deportation after a three-day immigration enforcement operation in December, 2009. Those arrested – 257 men and 29 women – hail from more than 30 countries in Asia, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East and Africa.

 

17 irregular workers arrested in London

A west London-based company faces a potential fine of up to 170,000 pounds after 17 irregular workers from India and Sri Lanka were arrested during a raid by Britain immigration officials on December 10.

 

Sources: “Canada fast-tracks recognition of immigrant degrees,” The Economic Times, 1 December 2009; “Nearly 300 deported in major California operation,” ABS-CBN News, 12 December 2009; “Indians arrested for working illegally in UK,” Hindustan Times, 15 December 2009; “Migration important piece to global economic crisis, says UN chief,” People’s Daily Online, 19 December 2009

 

EAST ASIA

China (see also Japan, India, Australia, Other Pacific)

Shanghai steps up bid to lure overseas Chinese talent

Shanghai officials teamed up with 17 major institutions to recruit skilled overseas Chinese in the United States, Canada and Singapore as a response to the Chinese government’s mandate to make the city a global financial center in the year 2020. A job fair last 5 December 2009 held in New Jersey and organized by the Shanghai Financial Development Services Office listed 117 job openings and attracted more than 700 candidates. In addition to the attractive salaries being offered, a one million-yuan cash bonus will go to hires recognized by the government’s 1000 People Plan. The 1000 People Plan was a project announced earlier this year to facilitate the recruitment of overseas Chinese talent in various fields.

 

China to hire foreign bankers

A Chinese government official said the country’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange has begun recruiting money managers to aid in the investment of the country’s $2.3 trillion in foreign exchange reserves. The government would like to increase its return on the reserves and wants to tap into the global resources of bankers who may be looking for jobs.

 

Authorities step up bid to combat human trafficking

The Chinese Foreign Ministry reported more than 44,000 cases of female and child trafficking between 2000 and 2007, with about 133,000 victims rescued by UNICEF. Also, between April and October 2009, more than 6,000 people were rescued in a national campaign to combat the phenomenon.  

 

In related news, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee is starting to examine the State Council’s application to ratify the UN supplementary protocol. The move would help China implement effectively its Anti-trafficking Action Plan for women and Children, which took effect in 2007. According to Vice-Foreign Minister Li Jinzhang, the protocol would be implemented in the Chinese mainland and the Macao SAR, but not in Hong Kong SAR. Meanwhile, Shanghai railway police have rounded up a major ring of traffickers of babies, in the process rescuing 12 infants. All in all, police have rescued 2,008 kidnapped children after solving 1,717 cases in a nationwide campaign against child trafficking that began last 9 April. Recent abductions have also led the Ministry of Public Security to set up a Web page to help reunite infants with their parents.

 

Dalian City abolishes temporary residence system                     

The northeastern city of Dalian has issued 200 residential cards to migrant workers last 25 December 2009 as the city officially abolished the controversial temporary residence permit.  The city began to issue the temporary migrant permits costing about 35 yuan (approximately $5) to farmers in 1993. As temporary residents, the migrant farmers had to pay an additional 2,000-3,000 Yuan a year to have their children admitted by primary and middle schools. The permit was seen to limit the rights of migrant workers in the employment, education and medical care sectors. According to Wan Zizheng, professor at the Law School of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, the “deletion of the word ‘temporary’ showed China’s attitude to remove obstacles for migrant workers, improve their condition and give them more recognition.” The new residential card meant not only the exemption of extra educational fees for children of migrant workers, but also equal rights with local citizens in employment, vocational training, applications for driving license and vehicle registration and more benefits in medical care and old age pensions. Meanwhile, Beijing is carrying out plans to replace the temporary residency permit with a more integrated one, and aims to make it accessible to more people thanks to a built-in chip that will consolidate basic information, as well as social service functions to entice the populace into using it.

 

Sources: “China recruiting foreign workers,” oDesk Job News, 2 December 2009; “Beijing set to replace temporary residency permits with residency permit,” People’s Daily Online, 9 December 2009; Zha Minjie, “Police swoop on baby traffickers,” Shanghai Daily, 15 December 2009; “Six workers suspected of lung ailment,” Shanghai Daily, 16 December 2009; Kelly Chuang Dawson, “Shanghai employers go to US to hire returning Chinese expats,” China Daily, 21 December 2009; Chen Jia, “China joins UN fight against human trafficking,” China Daily, 23 December 2009; “NE city abolishes controversial temporary residence permits targeting migrants,” People’s Daily Online, 26 December 2009

 

Hong Kong

Fewer Nepali domestic workers in HK

As new applicants are being denied visas and those staying on have moved to other professions, the number of Nepali domestic workers in Hong Kong is dwindling. Four years ago, Hong Kong had about 2,000 domestic workers from Nepal. Recent figures, however, show that they are down to 700. A majority of domestic workers in Hong Kong are from Indonesia – 49 percent – and the Philippines.

 

Source: “Number of Nepali domestic helps in Hong Kong dwindles,” Republica, 9 December 2009

 

Japan

Plan to prevent human trafficking adopted

The Japanese government adopted an action plan to prevent human trafficking cases and set up a working team to tackle child pornography last 22 December 2009. The government plans to take steps in strengthening immigration control, dealing with the illegal employment of undocumented workers, crackdown vicious employers and brokers and providing greater protection to victims in the form of counseling and medical services. Earlier in the month, a senior immigration officer was arrested on 4 December on suspicion of accepting 5.8 million yen in bribes in return for helping foreign entertainers enter the country. According to the police, he facilitated the issuance of certificates of eligibility for resident status – required when applying for an entertainment visa – on 29 occasions to help entertainers from the Philippines, Argentina and elsewhere.

 

Authorities wary of ‘fake fingerprints’

Immigration officers at Japan’s primary hub, Narita Airport, have become wary of Chinese nationals who might have entered the country by scraping the skin off their fingers or cutting off part of the prints in order to alter fingerprints. This year, there have been documented cases of Chinese individuals, as well as nationals of other countries, who were refused entry for changed fingerprints. A Korean woman had already been deported last April 2008 for slipping through the airport’s biometric system by placing tape on her fingers.

 

Fake marriage helping Chinese to sneak into Japan

Foreigners are now resorting to fake marriages to be able to sneak into Japan. In 2007 and 2008, police acted on 97 and 139 cases of fake marriages, respectively, arresting or referring to prosecutors 375 and 416 people. Chinese nationals topped the list of foreigners involved in such a practice, which can lead that “married” individual to tie the knot with yet another foreigner and subsequently be treated like any other Japanese national. A total of 114 people involved in 49 cases the past two years have involved Chinese citizens.

 

37 Burmese refugees seek long-term residency

About three dozen Burmese nationals, who have been granted exceptional status to remain in Japan without being designates as refugees, have applied for long-term residency because they may not be able to renew their current status if the situation in Burma changes. Their present status, which denies them welfare benefits and does not allow their relatives to come to Japan, needs to be changed if they are to stay on in the country without any work restrictions.       

 

Japan needs foreigners: Lee Kuan Yew

Singapore’s founding father, Lee Kuan Yew, has weighed in on Japan’s immigration issue by stating that the country has to open its borders and take in foreigners who will live and work in the country. Lee said Japan needs to overcome fears of “racial dilution” and allow foreign nationals to offset very low birth rates, a situation very similar to that of his own country.

 

Sources:  Nozomu Hayashi, “Fake marriage helping Chinese to ‘sneak’ into Japan,” The Asahi Shimbun, 5 December 2009; “Immigration officer held for graft over residency papers,” Daily Yomiuri, 5 December 2009; “Police to arrest Chinese who altered fingerprints to evade checks,” Daily Yomiuri, 5 December 2009; “Japan needs foreigners: Lee Kuan Yew,” Sydney Morning Herald, 11 December 2009; “37 Myanmar exiles seek long-term residency,” The Japan Times, 16 December 2009; “Human trafficking plan ok’d by Cabinet,” The Japan Times, 23 December 2009

 

North Korea

Pyongyang to prohibit entry of aliens until February

The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea has announced a restriction on the entry of foreigners from 20 December to February 2010. Analysts from South Korea believe this is an attempt by Pyongyang to ease internal unrest caused by monetary reform or to prevent the spread of the A/H1N1 virus.

 

North Koreans arrested for illegal entry into Thailand

Police from the northern Thai province of Chiang Rai arrested 14 North Korean nationals, including eight women and a child, on 14 December and charged them with illegal entry. The North Koreans, who were on a bus bound for Bangkok, were questioned by authorities before being formally charged.

 

Sources: AFP, “Fourteen North Korean refugees arrested in Thailand,” 14 December 2009; “DPRK to prohibit entry of foreigners,” People’s Daily Online, 16 December 2009 

 

South Korea

Foreign workers can now renew visas without mandatory departure

A new regulation by the Ministry of Labor last 10 December 2009 provided that foreign workers are no longer required to leave the country to renew their visas. Foreign employees may also be rehired for up to two years without renewing their three-year work visas. Covered by this new ruling are E-9 (non-professional or less-skilled workers) visa holders and ethnic Koreans with H-2 (working visit) visas. The new regulation is expected to strengthen the productivity of companies since it secures stable jobs for trained foreign employees. Also, the workers will be relieved from extra expenses such as airfare.

 

Majority of foreign workers under the EPS are low skilled

According to a report of the Ministry of Labor, the majority of foreign workers registered with the employment permit system (EPS) are classified as less-skilled. Data show that 89 percent of E-9 visa holders (“non-professional” or less-skilled) worked at manufacturing firms, with 41 percent of males in that sector earning between 900,000 to one million won a month. A salary of one million won or less is much lower than the average monthly pay of workers at companies with more than five workers, which is pegged at 2.6 million won.

 

A bill proposes warrants in crackdown vs. irregular foreigners

Rep. Lee Chun-seok, from the main opposition Democratic Party, has proposed a bill requiring immigration officers to possess a court-issued warrant before entering a building or house to search for suspected irregular migrants. The bill comes amid concern expressed by the Human Rights Commission over numerous raids carried out without proper or official documentation. Already, three people have been killed and 24 wounded in crackdowns between January 2005 and August 2009.    

 

Mandatory HIV testing of foreign workers opposed

Civic groups and immigrant workers filed a petition with the National Human Rights Commission of Korea (NHRCK) claiming that banning foreign workers who test positive for HIV/AIDS constitutes a violation of their human rights. The group seeks to nullify the mandate requiring foreign nationals applying for E-2 (foreign language instructors), E-6 (entertainers, models, athletes and artists) and E-9 (less skilled workers) visas to show proof that they tested negative for HIV/AIDS. The petition also opposed the second HIV tests conducted on low-skilled migrant workers upon arrival in South Korea and the immediate deportation of all those found positive for HIV.

 

FTA unlikely to attract skilled Indian professionals to Korea

The free trade agreement (FTA) between South Korea and India, to take effect beginning 1 January 2010, may fail to meet its objective of attracting much-needed skilled workers from India, according to a research think-tank. The National Assembly Research Service said that the Korea-India Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement is likely to fall short of its goal since it will only grant one-year visas to Indian professionals, unlike countries like Canada, New Zealand and Germany, which use green cards to woo highly-skilled Indians.

 

Sources: Kang Shin-who, “Groups oppose AIDS discrimination,” Korea Times, 1 December 2009; Bae Ji-sook, “Foreign manufacturing workers paid W1 mil. Monthly,” Korea Times, 3 December 2009; Lee Tae-hoon, “Plan to attract skilled workers from India doomed to fail,” Korea Times, 3 December 2009; Park Si-soo, “Migrant workers will get eased visa rules,” Korea Times, 9 December 2009; “Visa renewal not needed to rehire foreign workers,” The Korea Herald,” 10 December 2009; Lee Tae-hoon, “Warrant needed to crack down on illegal foreigners,” Korea Times, 15 December 2009  

  

Taiwan

Draft bill to allow Taiwan to handle refugee cases

The Executive Yuan passed a draft bill on 31 December 2009 that will provide a legal basis for the government to handle refugee cases and allow asylum seekers from other countries to stay in Taiwan. According to the draft bill, foreign nationals or stateless persons who are under threat from wars or natural disasters or who are facing persecution for political reasons may apply for refugee status with the Taiwanese government. Decisions on all applications would be made within a one-year period, during which time applicants would be allowed to stay in Taiwan and have access to free legal consultation services, basic medical care and accommodation. In case of mass application for refugee status, the Ministry of Interior said it will impose a quota on the applications and seek consultation and assistance from the United Nations. Presently, most of refugees seeking asylum in Taiwan are from Tibet or descendants of Kuomintang members who were stranded in northern Thailand following the end of the Chinese civil war in 1949.

 

Survey reveals satisfaction among highly-skilled foreign workers

A survey of highly-skilled foreign workers living in Taiwan found that close to 90 percent of respondents found the Taiwanese people to be “friendly,” while 75.1 percent expressed satisfaction with their living environment. However, there were low satisfaction ratings on the bilingual markings on product packaging (19.5 packaging) and in the ease of understanding the rules and regulations governing foreign workers (38.3 percent). Some 1,076 white-collar foreign workers were interviewed for the survey out of a population of 18,532. Currently, there are about 960,000 foreigners and immigrants in the country, including workers in the manufacturing and construction industries and those married to Taiwanese nationals.

 

Demonstration for migrant workers’ rights

More than 1,000 workers from the Taiwan International Workers’ Association and other labor groups marched from the Taipei Main Station to the office of the Council of Labor Affairs (CLA) on 13 December to call for the protection of the rights of migrant workers. The demonstrators threw slippers at the council building to symbolize the government’s alleged inaction over violations of the basic rights of migrant domestic workers. Aside from being forced to work long hours with no breaks, other violations cited by the protestors include the absence of sick leaves, discrimination and lack of privacy and freedom. Meanwhile, the CLA said that a legislation seeking to remedy the situation is in the offing but some details still need to be finalized, including finding alternative care arrangements during a caregiver’s day off.

 

Move to ease restrictions on hiring foreign domestic workers opposed

A proposal by the CLA to relax restrictions on hiring foreign domestic workers has been met by stiff opposition and could be deferred. The proposed amendment to the Employment Service Act would have allowed an estimated 2,000 families to hire foreign workers for domestic work. Under the proposal, households having two people older than 80 years old would be among those qualified to hire foreign domestic workers. However, according to the Taiwan Labor Front, the plan could jeopardize the chances of middle-aged women to re-enter the workforce after having children and make it difficult for elderly individuals to find job opportunities to boost their personal and family income.  

 

Sources: “Groups oppose more foreign home workers,” Taiwan Headline, 4 December 2009; “Workers pan CLA rights record,” Taiwan Headlines, 14 December 2009; Shi Hsiu-chuan, “Foreign residents survey finds good and bad in Taiwan,” Taipei Times, 17 December 2009; Chiachen Hsieh and Deborah Kuo, “Refugee draft bill passed,” The China Post, 31 December 2009

 

MIDDLE EAST

Remittances from GCC to drop by 9 percent in 2009: World Bank

Remittances coming from overseas workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are expected to record a nine percent drop in 2009, before picking up again in 2010, according to the World Bank. The slowdown is due to a decrease in economic activities, layoffs from the public and private sector companies and an increase in the cost of living in the GCC countries. Nevertheless, the World Bank is optimistic that the region will bounce back in 2010 as a result of rising oil prices and stronger investor confidence.

 

 Source: “World bank sees 9 percent decline in outward remittances from GCC in 2009,” The Daily Star, 31 December 2009

 

Afghanistan

France set to expel Afghan migrants

France is set to expel a group of at least 11 Afghans on 22 December, three months after authorities closed down a so-called “jungle” migrant squatter camp in Calais. Many irregular migrants and refugees gathered in this camp hoping to cross the English Channel into Britain. The refugee aid group, Cimade, has appealed to the French government to reconsider the planned expulsion. The previous repatriation of three Afghans from France and 24 from Britain in October drew protests from left-wing opposition and humanitarian groups.     

 

Source: “France to expel Afghan migrants in days,” Hindustan Times, 15 December 2009               

 

Bahrain

Bid to restrict visas of women from certain countries blocked

A parliamentary group, known as the Al Asala bloc, is seeking to impose stricter visa requirements on women from China, Ethiopia, Russia and Thailand in a bid to control prostitution. According to the group, majority of the sex workers in Bahrain are women coming from these countries.  However, the move to forward the proposal to the Cabinet for immediate action has been put on hold. Some members of Parliament agreed to submit the issue for further study by a parliament committee and for subsequent discussion with the Interior Ministry.

 

Sources: “Bid to curb women’s visas blocked,” Gulf Daily News, 9 December 2009; Aniqa Haider, “Embassies silent on visa rule clampdown,” Gulf Daily News, 10 December 2009

 

Iran

Authorities peg number of illegal border crossers at 45K

Border police confirmed that some 45,000 people have been arrested for unauthorized entry into Iranian territory since March 2009, or roughly an average of 600 persons detained per day for such offense. There are now plans to provide the border police with more training and modern electronic devices in an effort to reinforce Iranian border security.

 

Source: “45,000 had been detained for illegal entry into Iran since March: commander,” Tehran Times, 11 December 2009

 

Iraq (see also Bangladesh)

IOM airs plea for repatriation of stranded migrant workers

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) said it needs $2.5 million to assist in the repatriation of some 700 African and Asian migrants stranded in Iraq. Despite the violence in Iraq, thousands of migrants have continuously entered the country to work in the construction, carpentry and domestic work sectors, with a majority of them coming from Bangladesh, Pakistan and Uganda. According to the IOM, many of these migrants had been forced to sign fake employment contracts and had their passports confiscated by employers, rendering them vulnerable to exploitation.

 

Source: “Plea for stranded Iraq migrants,” BBC News, 16 December 2009     

 

Israel

UN agency slam’s Israel’s ‘hot return’ policy

Israel’s so-called immediate or ‘hot return’ policy in dealing with asylum seekers is currently being reviewed by the Supreme Court following a lawsuit filed by the  UNHCR claiming that the policy violates international law. Under the said policy, asylum seekers caught crossing into Israel are returned to a neighboring country within 24 hours as long as they have not gone beyond 50 kilometers from the border. According to the UNHCR, the policy is in violation of Israel’s international obligations since it has yet to forge a formal agreement with Egypt to ensure the welfare of asylum-seekers sent back over the border. Some 217 people have allegedly been returned to Egypt in the first nine months of this year pursuant to the hot return policy. The UN agency has also presented some documents indicating that people returned to Egypt are routinely sent to jail and are also denied access to procedures that would allow them to obtain refugee status.

 

In a related development, Israeli border authorities nabbed 515 Palestinian nationals for unauthorized entry into the country on 12 and 13 December following raids conducted across Israel. The arrested individuals were sent back to the West Bank.

 

Sources: Dana Weiler-Polak, “Israel’s ‘hot return’ of Sudan refugees prompts UN concern,” Haaretz, 1 December 2009; Yaakov Lappin, “Border Police arrest 515 Palestinians for illegal entry into Israel,” Jerusalem Post, 13 December 2009 

 

Kuwait (see also Bangladesh)

Labor law for migrant workers passed

The Kuwaiti parliament passed a new labor law on 23 December that provides foreign workers with more favorable work conditions, including better annual leaves, end of service indemnities and holidays. The new law also mandates the setting of a minimum wage for certain job categories, particularly those involving less-skilled labor. Meanwhile, tougher penalties, including jail terms, would be imposed on businessmen who trade in visas or who recruit expatriate workers but fail to give them the pledged jobs and pay their salaries. The law, however, does not do away with the sponsor system, which virtually renders workers under the mercy of their local employers. Kuwait hosts 2.3 million migrant workers, including some 140,000 Filipino workers.

 

Sources: Agencies, “Kuwait MPs pass new labour law, but sponsor system stays,” Gulf News, 23 December 2009; AFP, “New law on foreign workers passed in Kuwait,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 25 December 2009

               

Lebanon (see also Philippines)

Lebanon urged to boost protection of foreign domestic workers

A Human Rights Watch (HRW) report entitled, “Slow Movement: Protection of Migrants’ Rights in 2009,” shows the need to bolster efforts in protecting foreign domestic workers in Lebanon. Despite the government’s efforts to initiate reforms, some 200,000 women migrant workers in the country continue to be vulnerable to exploitation and abuse by their employers. Many migrant domestic workers, particularly from Ethiopia, the Philippines and Sri Lanka, complain about delayed or non-payment of wages, forced confinement, lack of free time and verbal and physical abuse. Current Lebanese laws that guarantee workers’ rights do not cover domestic workers. The HRW report called on the Lebanese government to “amend the labor code to provide comprehensive legal protection for domestic workers” and urged the Labor Ministry to monitor labor conditions.

 

Plight of Palestinian refugees draws attention anew

The visit of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas to Beirut last 7 December once again drew attention to the issue concerning an estimated 300,000 Palestinian refugees living under dismal conditions in 12 camps across Lebanon. The visit is significant in the light of talks of a possible revival of the Middle East peace process and the nagging fear among the Lebanese that any solution arrived at in dealing with the Palestinian refugee problem is bound to be detrimental to Lebanon. The UN Relief and Works Agency estimates the number of Palestinian refugees in Lebanon to be around 400,000, but both Lebanese and Palestinian authorities believe the actual number is closer to 250,000.  Because Lebanese laws forbid refugees from owning property and working in many sectors, they rely mainly on the UNRWA for educational, health and other forms of assistance.

 

Sources: AFP, “Lebanon’s Palestinians fear they are refugees for life,” Borneo Bulletin, 7 December 2009; Farah-Silvana Kanaan, “Migrant domestic workers left unprotected despite reforms,” The Daily Star, 22 December 2009

 

Qatar

Call for ratification of UN convention on human trafficking

The Qatar Foundation for Combating Human Trafficking (QFCHT) called on Qatari authorities to ratify the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its supplementing protocols in order to address the problem of trafficking in persons, especially women and children. According to a QFCHT report, there is a need to streamline the procedures for the recruitment of migrant workers. It suggests the use of a genuine market needs assessment as the basis for recruitment in order to reduce the incidence of trading in visas. The group also called for closer cooperation among all government agencies involved in combating the crime and to employ the latest technologies for investigating and handling all forms of human trafficking.

 

Source: “QFCHT calls for ratification of UN convention on human trafficking,” The Peninsula, 8 December 2009

 

United Arab Emirates (see also Philippines)

UAE organizes team to monitor contracts of Indian, Filipino workers

The Ministry of Labor announced the setting up of a national team to look into the implementation of a model initiative for basic contractual agreements governing migrant labor from India and the Philippines. The team is composed of representatives from both government and private sectors, the Ministries of Foreign Affairs, Interior and Health; Dubai Health Authority; Jumeriah Group; Al Naboodah Construction Group; Abu Dhabi National Hotels; Associated Construction and Investment Company LLC; Al Nour Hospital and NMC Specialty Hospital. The initiative stems from recommendations made by participating countries in the January 2008 Abu Dhabi Dialogue on overseas employment and contractual labor among origin and destination countries in Asia. Labor Minister Saqr Ghobash Saeed Ghobash said the UAE wants to find innovative solutions for regulating the relationship between sending and receiving countries of temporary contractual workers.

 

Dubai debt crisis worries migrant workers

The debt crisis in Dubai has caused fear among the various migrant communities in the emirate. Indians who make up 40 percent of the population of Dubai had reason to worry. Although the crisis is not likely to affect the whole of India, it is expected to affect Kerala, whose economy is heavily dependent on remittances from overseas Indian workers. Remittances from overseas Indians make up around 22 percent of Kerala’s income. As of the first week of December, dozens of Indian migrant workers who returned home for the Muslim holiday of Eid, have allegedly received text messages from the Gulf informing them that they no longer have jobs to return to. Meanwhile, with the suspension of some 400 major construction projects in Dubai following the debt crisis, as many as 60 percent of Malaysian migrant workers in the emirate’s construction industry had allegedly not been paid their salaries. A total of 4,000 affected Malaysian workers have reportedly returned home this year.

 

In related news, Philippine Labor Secretary Marianito Roque assured some 200,000 overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) in Dubai that the government is ready to implement measures to cushion the impact of the crisis. Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo has ordered the Labor Department and the Overseas Workers Welfare Administration to assist in the redeployment of displaced Filipino workers in Dubai to other emirates or other countries in the Middle East, if the need arises. Secretary Roque also expressed optimism that the financial crisis in Dubai is unlikely to leave a huge dent on OFW remittances given the “temporary or transitory work arrangement” in the emirate and the resultant low average income among many Filipino workers there.

 

Sources: Kong See Hoh, “Malaysians in Dubai forced to flee without pay,” The Sun Daily, 1 December 2009; “Dubai debt crisis worries OFWs,” ABS-CBN News, 1 December 2009; “No major job losses for Filipino workers despite Dubai debt crisis,” All Headline News, 3 December 2009; Mayen Jaymalin, “Dubai crisis to cost RP $300 million in remittances,” The Philippine Star, 7 December 2009; “DOLE ordered to assist OFWs in Dubai,” The Philippine Star, 8 December 2009; “Team to follow–up on contracts of Indian and Filipino workers,” Khaleej Times, 24 December 2009

 

SOUTH ASIA

Bangladesh

Burma agrees to take back 9,000 Rohingya refugees

According to Bangladeshi Foreign Secretary Mirajul Quayes, Burma had agreed to take back some 9,000 registered Rohingya refugees from among the 28,000 who have been living in two camps in Cox’s Bazar for nearly two decades. The announcement came on the first day of the fourth foreign secretary-level talks between the two countries at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Bangladesh. The issue regarding the repatriation of Rohingya refugees, who fled from the Northern Rakhine state of Burma to Bangladesh in 1991-1992 to escape persecution, has been a source of tension between the two neighboring countries. Previous efforts to repatriate the refugees whom Burma had identified as its nationals had been unsuccessful due to tensions along the border. Moreover, the 28,000 registered refugees in Cox’s Bazar allegedly refused to be repatriated for fear of further repression in their homeland.

 

Amnesty for Bangladeshi irregular migrant workers in Kuwait

Some 30,000 Bangladeshi irregular migrant workers are expected to benefit from the three-month amnesty announced by the Kuwaiti Parliament on 12 December. The said amnesty would allow irregular migrant workers in Kuwait, including Bangladeshis, to either regularize their status or leave the country to avoid penalties and strict legal actions.

 

Bangladeshi workers in trouble in Libya

According to some Bangladeshis who have recently returned home from Libya, around 5,000-6,000 irregular migrant workers from Bangladesh are being held against their will in underground rooms in various parts of Libya. Unscrupulous labor brokers allegedly confiscated the workers’ passports upon their arrival in Libya and are demanding payment of huge amounts in recruitment fees. Bangladesh’s labor counselor in Libya, Akber Hossain, explained that the beleaguered workers fall into three categories:  those who went to Libya on legitimate work visas but are unqualified for the jobs they were hired for; those who went there on short-term tourist visas after receiving fake work invitations from Libyan companies; and those who were promised jobs in Europe but who ended up stranded in Libya.

 

Jobs in Iraq for Bangladeshi workers; remittances in 2010

Officials from the Manpower Bureau announced that some 2000 Bangladeshi workers are set to obtain employment in Iraq this month as part of initiatives to speed up reconstruction efforts in the war-torn country. Some 256 Bangladeshi workers had already left for Iraq in November to work in low-paying cleaning jobs in and around the Iraqi capital of Baghdad but there is a huge demand for more workers, according to a private recruiting firm. Iraqi companies are reportedly offering migrant workers a monthly salary of US$300 plus free food and accommodations.

The employment offers from Iraq came amid job losses incurred by close to 70,000 Bangladeshi workers in the Gulf countries and Southeast Asia as a result of the global recession.

 

Meanwhile, according to a World Bank study, remittances from overseas Bangladeshis, largely migrant workers, would grow by at least 8.5 percent and are expected to reach US$10.38 billion in 2010. At present 64 percent of annual remittance inflows come from the Middle East.

 

Bangladesh may be unprepared to deal with environmental refugees

Saber Hossain Chowhary, chairperson of the All Party Parliamentary Group on Climate Change and Environment from Dhaka, called on the international community to recognize the existence of environmental refugees and the need for a universal framework to deal with the issue during the Coppenhagen climate change conference. Chowdhary revealed that an estimated 30 million people would likely be displaced as a result of climate change. Given the dense population of Bangladesh, it may be unable to deal with the emergence of environmental refugees.

 

Sources: “Remittance growth to stay at 8.5 pc: WB,” The New Nation, 10 December 2009; “Search fails to find fishermen,” Shanghai Daily, 10 December 2009; A Z M Anas, “2000 Bangladeshis likely to get jobs in Iraq by this month,” The Financial Express, 11 December 2009; Porimol Palma, “Workers end up in thick soup in Libya,” The Daily Star, 11 December 2009; Simit Bhagat, “What about 30 million climate refugees,” The Times of India, 15 December 2009; “Bangladeshis working illegally in Kuwait to Benefit from amnesty,” The Financial Express, 21 December 2009; “Burmese Muslims to be repatriated,” BBC News, 29 December 2009; “Myanmar agrees to take back 9,000 of its nationals from Bangladesh,” People’s Daily Online, 29 December 2009; “Myanmar to take back 9,000 Rohingyas soon,” The Daily Star, 30 December 2009; “Rohingyas say no to repatriation,” The Nation News, 31 December 2009

 

India (see also South Korea, UAE, Nepal)

Tough times for returning Indian expats

A few years ago, India initiated a program to entice talented Indian scientists living abroad to go back to their homeland.  As a result of this program, tens of thousands of former emigrants returned to India with their families, intending to take advantage of the country’s booming economy and at the same time learn more about their roots. According to Vivek Wadhwa of Harvard University, close to 100,000 ‘returnees’ or ‘repats’ are expected to move from the United States to India over the next five years. However, a study by Wadhwa indicates that about 34 percent of repats had difficulty settling in India compared to 13 percent of Indian immigrants who experienced similar difficulty in settling in the US. Foremost among the repats’ complaints are the traffic situation, the lack of infrastructure, the bureaucracy and pollution in India. Repats seem to have difficulty in reconciling their Western business education with the inefficiencies and ambiguities in India’s business environment.

 

Tightened measures for migrant domestic workers

The Kerala government has tightened security measures for female migrant domestic workers amid rising reports of the trafficking of poor, uneducated women for the sex sector in foreign countries. Apart from limiting would-be migrant domestic workers to women who are at least 30 years of age, the state government also requires applicants for such jobs to possess all the necessary federal-attested papers and other relevant documents to ensure protection of their rights as workers overseas. These papers include the original visa attested by the Indian Embassy, the original employment contract that clearly specifies the nature of the job and the employee’s salary, working hours, entitlements and benefits and a document assuring access to a prepaid mobile phone connection upon arrival at the place of work.

 

Troubled Indian workers in Malaysia; missing crew off Somalia  

There is a rising number of Indians, particularly among skilled and semi-skilled workers, who have fallen prey to unscrupulous recruitment agents. They have been promised excellent, high-paying jobs in Malaysia only to find out upon their arrival that either the jobs are non-existent or the salaries are way below their expectations. According to the High Commission, it has been receiving an average of seven to eight complaints per month among Indian migrant workers in Malaysia. Among the usual complaints are non-payment of wages, beatings and inhuman living conditions.

 

In other news, the Indian dhow, Laxmi Sagar, was hijacked by Somali pirates off the coast of Somalia on 13 December. The dhow is believed to be operating between Saudi Arabia and the African coast. There is no word yet on the fate of the Indian crew.

 

Migrant workers issue in talks with Saudi Arabia and Moscow  

India is still negotiating with the Saudi Arabia over the setting of minimum wages for its hundreds of thousands of blue-collar workers there. Saudi Arabia has not yet decided on the matter even if some of the Gulf States have already signed a memorandum of understanding on the issue of minimum wage.

 

Meanwhile, Foreign Secretary Nairupama Rao revealed that talks with Russian authorities have been ongoing at the consular level regarding the difficulties being faced by Indian workers in Russia. According to Rao, Indian workers applying for an extension of their work visas are still awaiting the release of their passports, some of them for a few months now. Russian authorities have not explained the reason for the delay. Observers noted, however, that other foreign nationals have not experienced the same problem. Since it is mandatory for foreigners in Russia to carry their passports at all times, Indians could not venture far from their homes for fear of questioning by the police. Indian officials also noted the practice by Moscow airport authorities of subjecting first-time Indian visitors to questioning for up to three hours.

 

India keen on deploying skilled workers to Europe

India is interested in expanding the migration base of its skilled workers, which is currently concentrated in the Gulf region. According to G. Gurucharan, joint secretary of the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs, India would like to see more of its skilled workers deployed to Europe.  The government has already begun moving towards this objective with the signing of a memorandum of understanding on labor mobility partnership with Denmark earlier this year.

 

More Indian workers bound for Italy

The number of Indian agricultural workers going to Italy has been rising steadily over the last few years. A total of 11,300 work contract visas have been issued this year to Indian farmers, largely from Punjab, who possess agricultural skills that are in demand in Italy. This is higher than last year’s figure by more than 90 percent. Besides agricultural workers, there has also been an increase in the number of skilled Indian professionals going to Italy with work contracts.

 

UK tightens rule for Indians under inter-company transfers

Britain will impose stricter immigration rules on Indian IT professionals seeking to move to the UK under inter-company transfers. Starting January next year, workers in this category would need at least 12 months work experience with their present company, instead of six months, to be eligible for transfer to the UK. Moreover, they will not be allowed to settle in the UK permanently even after the mandatory stay of five years.

 

32 Indians nabbed at London Olympic site 

The UK Border Agency has reported the arrest of nearly 100 irregular immigrants, including 32 Indian nationals, following a crackdown at the site of the 2012 Olympics Games in east London. The arrests, conducted between April and late November, were carried out in response to reports that the organizers of the 2012 Olympic Games had been employing low-waged agency workers, mostly from overseas, in violation of labor agreements.

 

Center to provide legal aid to migrant workers

The Overseas Manpower Company of Andhra Pradesh (OMCAP) has announced the opening of a separate center that would provide legal assistance to thousands of migrant workers bound for foreign countries, particularly the Gulf countries. The Migration Resource Center will open on 18 December at the OMCAP office in Vijayanagar colony. According to OMCAP, the center was necessary given the nearly 90,000 migrant workers leaving Andhra Pradesh yearly for low-skilled overseas jobs and the thousands of these migrants who are languishing in jail in the Gulf countries for lack of proper documents.

 

Dual citizenship sought for UK-based Indian immigrants

Amit Kapadia, executive director of the HSMP Forum, an influential group representing Indian migrants from Britain and other non-European Union countries, has sent a petition to the Indian Prime Minister seeking the granting of dual citizenship to overseas Indians. According to Kapadia, the cards issued for the current categories – Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) and People of Indian Origin (PIO) – do not provide overseas Indians with the same level of security and sense of belonging as Indian passports.

 

Visas-on-arrival for five countries mulled

Authorities are seriously considering the possibility of granting visas-on-arrival privileges to visitors from Singapore, Japan, Finland, New Zealand and Luxemburg. At present, only Nepalese and Bhutanese nationals are not required visas to enter the country.

 

New visa regime proposed for project workers

A new visa regime, called Project Visa (P Visa), has been proposed by the Home Ministry to facilitate the entry of foreign nationals hired to work on specific projects in India, mostly infrastructure and those of a strategic nature. At present, foreigners coming to India for work-related purposes avail of either the business visa (B Visa) for skilled and high quality professionals or the employment visa (E Visa) for less skilled workers. However, the Home Ministry discovered last June that more than half of the foreign migrants hired for projects, mostly Chinese nationals, were either unskilled or semi-skilled who incorrectly used B visas to enter India. The government has since ordered these workers to change their documents to E visas. Meanwhile, the visas of Russian scientists and engineers working on strategic projects have been extended until 31 December, after which they have to convert their B visas to E visas. The Home Ministry’s proposal for a new visa regime comes amid practical difficulties faced by industries in complying with the visa change.

 

Drought in Bihar spurs outmigration

Thousands of Bihar residents have moved to other states, like Punjab, to save their families from starvation as a result of the drought being experienced in almost 25 of its districts, including its capital, Patna. More than 7,000 migrants from Bihar moved to the industrial town of Ludhiana despite the heightened tension in the area. In 2008, a similar outflow of people from Bihar to Punjab also took place on account of floods.

 

In related news, the Bihar government has announced the registration of all migrant workers coming from the state as part of security measures. Officials called on the hundreds and thousands of Bihar migrant workers to get their names registered for the issuance of identity cards before leaving their village to look for jobs in other states. The move comes after recent attacks on Bihar migrant workers in Maharashtra, Assam and Punjab.

 

Rehabilitation package for IDPs in Assam

The Assam government in Northeast India announced a rehabilitation package totaling Rs. 60-million for some 11,092 families of internally displaced persons (IDPs). Under the package, each family would be given a grant of Rs. 50,000 and a housing unit. The IDPs have been living in relief camps in lower Assam for about a decade, after being forced out of their ancestral villages following the Bodo-Muslim riots in 1993 and the Bodo-Adivasi ethnic clashes in 1996 and 1998.

 

Sources: Heather Timmons, “Expats Indians find it tough to return home,” The Economic Times, 1 December 2009; IANS, “India wants to diversify migration base from Gulf to Europe: Officials,” The Economic Times, 1 December 2009; Ravi Velloor, “Easier entry to India,” Straits Times, 3 December 2009; IANS, “Employment package to cover Kashmiri migrant youth,” 3 December 2009; PTI, “Indians falling prey to rogue agents promising fake jobs,” Daily News & Analysis, 6 December 2009; Ishani Duttagupta,  “Italy hot destination for Indian farmers,” The Economic Times, 6 December 2009; PTI, “32 Indians held for working illegally on London Olympics,” Hindustan Times, 6 December 2009; Vishwa Mohan, “Govt mulls new visa norms for project workers,” The Times of India, 7 December 2009; IANS, “Bihar to issue ID cards to migrant workers,” 8 December 2009; Aman Sood, “Violence no deterrent, migrant inflow continues,” Indian Express, 9 December 2009; PTI, “UK tightens visa rules for Indian IT professionals,” The Times of India, 9 December 2009; Sandeep Dikshit, “Indians in Russia still awaiting work visa extensions,” The Hindu, 10 December 2009; Sushanta Talukdar, “Rehabilitation package for IDPs in Assam,” The Hindu, 12 December 2009; Ghazanfar Ali Khan, “India seeks minimum wages for its workers in Saudi Arabia,” Arab News, 14 December 2009; PTI, “Indian migrant in UK want dual citizenship,” The Economic Times, 14 December 2009; “Somali pirates hijack Indian dhow,” People’s Daily Online, 14 December 2009; TNN, “Migration resource centre to be set up in city,” The Times of India, 16 December 2009; T.K. Devasia, “Kerala tightens rules for maids going abroad,” Khaleej Times, 23 December 2009

 

Nepal (see also Hong Kong)

Govt urged to protect 3.5 million Nepali workers in India

Nepali Constituent Assembly member Hari Roka called on Kathmandu to look into the plight of Nepali workers who are being exploited in various parts of India. There are believed to be more than 3.5 million Nepalis currently working in different sectors in India who are deprived of their legal rights and benefits. Roka appealed to the government to include the protection of the rights and welfare of Nepali workers in India in the national plans being formulated.

 

Source: “Govt draws flak for ignoring workers in India,” Republica, 15 December 2009

 

Pakistan

Remittances up

Remittances sent home by overseas Pakistanis in the five-month period from July to November 2009 totaled US$3.83 billion, indicating a monthly average of US$766.52 million. This represents a 29.20 percent increase over the remittances received during the same period in the last fiscal year. The rising trend in the inflow of remittances is expected to continue following the launching of the Pakistan Remittance Initiative (PRI) aimed at spreading awareness about formal channels and improving the delivery of remittances.

 

Millions of people still displaced in NWFP

The successive military offensives launched by government forces across several districts in the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) this year have resulted in a new wave of displacement among Pakistanis in the region. Some 2.7 to 3.5 million IDPs fled from the NWFP starting February, but many of them have begun to return home in early July as soon as the fighting had moved elsewhere. By November, the UNHCR estimated that around 1.25 million Pakistanis remained displaced.

 

Sources: “Millions of IDPs and returnees face continuing crisis,” IDMC, 2 December 2009; “Remittances rise over 29 percent in 5MFY10,” Daily Times, 11 December 2009

 

Sri Lanka (see also Australia)

Continuing struggle for war-displaced Tamils in Sri Lanka

The Sri Lankan government has gradually been implementing a massive post-war resettlement program for some 280,000 ethnic minority Tamils, most of whom were displaced in the last phase of the 25-year war. As of 23 December, it has resettled 127,352 people in their areas of origin while more than 140,000 are still awaiting resettlement. Minister of Disaster Management and Human Rights Mahinda Samarasinghe expressed confidence that the government will achieve its goal of resettling all the IDPs in their original villages by 31 January 2010. However, there is a further need for the government to address the dire conditions faced by those who have been resettled in their original home areas due to a lack of basic services and infrastructure.

 

6M euros in aid for Sri Lanka refugees

The European Commission announced additional aid amounting to six million euros (US$ 8.7 million) to help the tens of thousands of Sri Lankans who were forced to flee from the fighting between government forces and Tamil fighters. Five million euros are intended for humanitarian assistance to IDPs, returnees and host families in Sri Lanka while the remaining one million will go towards aid for Sri Lankan refugees living in camps in Tamil Nadu, India. The Commission has expressed concern over the lack of security for IDPs, particularly vulnerable groups such as female-headed households, single women returning alone to their home villages and the disabled. EU Humanitarian Aid Commissioner Karel De Gucht urged the Sri Lankan government to closely coordinate with international aid agencies and donors to facilitate the provision of humanitarian assistance.

 

47 Sri Lankan asylum seekers leave for Australia and Romania

Forty-seven Sri Lankan asylum seekers have left Tanjung, Pinang Bintan Island in Indonesia on 29 December for resettlement in Romania and Australia. Sixteen of them will be resettled in Romania while 31 would be resettled in Australia. The Sri Lankans were among 78 ethnic Tamils rescued by Australian Customs officials from a ship whose engine broke down in international waters off Indonesia in October 2009. Fifteen other Tamils from the same ship had been resettled in Canada and Australia earlier this month.

 

LTTE members among Tamil boat people: Anti-terrorism expert

Immigration and Refugee Board adjudicator in Canada, Lynda Mackie, ruled that Singapore-based terrorism expert, Rohan Gunaratna, was “credible and trustworthy.” Gunaratna, an adviser for the Canadian government on the issue of Tamil migrants, has claimed that some of the 76 migrants who had arrived in Canada on a boat nearly two months ago are members of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) who planned to move to Canada to raise funds and re-start a separatist movement. Canada considers the LTTE as a terrorist organization. Because of Mackie’s rulings, the Tamil migrants are expected to remain in custody.

 

Remittances grew in 2007 and 2008

The remittances sent home by overseas Sri Lankans in 2008 totaled nearly US$2.6 billion. A 16 percent growth in migrant workers’ remittances was observed in 2007 and 2008.

 

Sources: B. Muralidhar Reddy, “70% displaced resettled: Colombo,” The Hindu, 5 December 2009; “Canada backs possibility of Tigers among boat people,” Daily Mirror, 9 December 2009; Manjari Peiris, “Sri Lanka has registered a healthy economic growth,” Asian Tribune, 9 December 2009; Dulshani Gunawardena, “US welcomes IDP resettlement,” Daily News, 10 December 2009; “EU gives six million euros to help Sri Lanka refugees,” The Colombo Times, 17 December 2009; “Commission provides six million Euros to support IDPs,” Daily News Online, 17 December 2009; “Asylum seekers leave Indonesia, says exec,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 20 December 2009; Shihar Aneez, “Over 140,000 people yet to be resettled: War-displaced Tamils in Sri Lanka struggle to resume normal lives,” Daily Times, 26 December 2009; “47 Sri Lankan leave for Australia, Romania,” The Jakarta Post, 29 December 2009; “Sri Lankan refugee leave Indonesia: official,” The China Post, 31 December 2009

            

SOUTHEAST ASIA

Indonesia (see also Hong Kong)    

Indonesia to ratify UN Convention on migrant workers’ rights

Law and Human Rights Ministry director general Harkristuti Harkrisnowo announced Indonesia’s plan to ratify the UN Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families in February next year. The matter has been discussed with several ministries and preparations are underway to make Indonesia a party to the UN convention.

 

198 migrant workers to be repatriated from Saudi Arabia

Indonesia is set to repatriate some 198 Indonesian migrant workers and nationals who had experienced legal problems in Saudi Arabia. The state carrier, Garuda Indonesia airlines, has scheduled the first flight to bring home the beleaguered Indonesians on 10 December, while the second and the third flights will be on 20 and 30 December, respectively.

 

Migrant workers in Singapore air grievances

According to Indonesia’s Ambassador to Singapore a number of Indonesians employed as domestic workers in Singapore are experiencing work-related problems, including unpaid wages and abusive employers. Ambassador Wardana revealed that at least 150 Indonesian migrant workers file complaints against their employers daily. In 2008 alone, some 1,980 Indonesian workers encountered problems with their employers. The diplomat said that the Citizen Service Program, which the embassy started in 2007, has successfully settled the cases of 290 migrant workers and assisted some 10,000 workers with their work contract extensions in 2008.

 

Jakarta mulls new people smuggling laws

The Indonesian government is hoping to enact new human smuggling laws next year that would impose penalties of up to 10 years imprisonment for those convicted of the crime. At present, Indonesia does not recognize human smuggling as a crime. Hence, offenders are usually charged under other offences, like immigration violations, which carry lighter penalties.

 

1,300 human trafficking cases uncovered in NTT

A group of legislators on labor affairs on a working visit to East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) in the second week of December found over 1,300 cases of human trafficking and urged law enforcers to take strict action against labor broker syndicates responsible for the crime. Saifuddin of the Greater Indonesia Movement Party also accused these syndicates of involvement in illegal dispatches of migrant workers overseas.

 

Indonesia nabs people smugglers

Indonesia is set to file charges of human trafficking and other immigration violations against a Pakistani man and four Indonesians suspected of assisting a group of 47 Afghans to cross into northern Australia. The Afghans, including 40 men, two women and five children, were intercepted on eastern Lombok Island on 10 December before their planned departure for Australia. Over the past 12 months, Indonesian authorities, working closely with Australian Federal Police, have prevented nearly 2000 asylum seekers from travelling to Australia.      

 

Irregular migrant workers from Thailand and China

The Ambon Immigration office has accused PT Pusaka Benjina Resources (PBR), one of the largest fishing firms in eastern Indonesia, of employing irregular migrant workers from Thailand. Erzan Effendi, the head of Ambon Immigration office, issued a statement on 19 December threatening to deport the workers on the grounds that they falsified their citizenship documents. Effendi clarified that the workers in question were not Thai nationals but had entered Indonesia on Thai-issued immigration documents.

 

In another case, 20 Chinese nationals were arrested by Muara Enim Immigration authorities in South Sumatra for immigration offences. The Chinese nationals, who were working for PT Guohwa Energi Musi Makmur Indonesia, a construction power plant in Gunung Raja village, were found to have no working permits. They face a maximum penalty of five years imprisonment or deportation for immigration law violations.

 

Sources: Stephen Fitzpatrick, “Jakarta plans to impose 10-year jail terms for people-smuggling,” The Australian, 9 December 2009; Geoff Thompson, “Hopes Indonesia will pass new people smuggling laws,” Australia Network News, 9 December 2009; “Govt to fly troubled migrant workers, citizens home from Saudi Arabia,” The Jakarta Post, 10 December 2009; “Ministry dialogues for maids and employers,” New Straits Times, 11 December 2009; “Ministry scraps house-to-house maid checks,” The Star, 11 December 2009; “Malaysia agrees on rights for RI workers,” The Jakarta Post, 12 December 2009; Candra Malik, “Indonesians suffer high level of worker abuse in Singapore: Diplomat,” The Jakarta Globe, 13 December 2009; “Indonesia to decide on ratifying UN convention on migrant workers,” Xinhua Net, 14 December 2009; Paul Maley, “Indonesia turns up heat on people-smugglers,” The Australian, 15 December 2009; “Indonesia nabs people smugglers: police,” The Sydney Morning Herald, 15 December 2009; “More than 1,300 human trafficking cases found in NTT,” Antara News, 15 December 2009; “Indonesian suffer high level of worker abuse in Singapore: Diplomat,” The Jakarta Globe, 17 December 2009; “Foreign fishing workers may be deported,” The Jakarta Post, 21 December 2009; “Immigration officers net 20 Chinese nationals,” The Jakarta Post, 22 December 2009

 

Malaysia (see also India)

Number of foreign workers in Malaysia down to 1.5M

The total number of foreign migrant workers throughout Malaysia has gone down from two million last year to 1.5 million this year. The decline can be attributed to economic factors and to the expiration of the work permits of some workers, said Human Resource Minister Datuk Dr S. Subramaniam. Malaysia continues to recruit migrant workers from Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, China, India and Nepal but only for specific sectors like construction and domestic work. However, it has retained the freeze on the recruitment of Bangladeshi workers, which according to Prime Minister Najib Razak, was done to protect them from exploitation by unscrupulous labor recruiters. However, Malaysia may reconsider the hiring of Bangladeshi workers once the economy improves.

 

Move to set up special department for foreign workers welcomed

The announcement by Deputy Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin on 18 November regarding the creation of a special department to deal specifically with foreign workers in Malaysia was welcomed by the Federation of Malaysian Manufactures. According to the group, it would be ideal if the special department would be set up under the Human Resources Ministry, which is the primary agency responsible for issues on employment legislation and human rights development in the country. In a related development, Home Minister Datuk Seri Hishammuddin Tun Hussein has proposed the expansion of the role of the Cabinet Committee on Foreign Workers to include the monitoring of document processing not only for foreign workers but also for students, diplomats, tourists and professionals.  He explained that the expanded committee was necessary since the issues pertaining to irregular migrant workers and overstaying students cut across several ministries and agencies.

 

KL optimistic over lifting of deployment ban on Indonesian domestic workers

Malaysian Home Minister Hishammuddin Hussein announced the setting up of a joint task force with Indonesia to look into the complaints of Indonesian migrant domestic workers in Malaysia and facilitate the resolution of court cases involving charges of abuse and non-payment of wages. The first priority of the task force, according to the minister, would be to resolve the cases of some 140 domestic workers and six children who are currently residing in a shelter inside the Indonesian Embassy compound. The creation of this task force is among the three new points contained in a memorandum of understanding set to be signed by the two countries. The other two points are allowing Indonesian migrant workers to keep their own passports and the granting them one day off a week. Hussein expressed confidence that the ban on the deployment of Indonesian domestic workers to Malaysia, which Jakarta ordered in June, would soon be lifted.

 

In related development, the Labor Department’s proposal to conduct house-to-house visits to check on the welfare of domestic workers in Malaysia has been scrapped. Instead, a special dialogue between employers and their migrant domestic workers would be held every six months at the Human Resource Ministry to enhance understanding of both parties’ rights and responsibilities.

 

Amnesty for irregular migrant workers sought

The Malaysian Trades Union Congress (MTUC) appealed to the government on 6 December to declare an amnesty to facilitate the voluntary departure of an estimated 2.1 million irregular foreign migrant workers from the country. During the last amnesty period from 1 July 2004 to February 2005, a total of 230,000 such workers were able to leave the country. Ordinarily, migrant workers with expired visas who want to return home would have to pay a huge amount on penalties and the processing of their papers. However, under an amnesty, migrant workers do not have to pay for anything since the cost of repatriation would be shouldered by their country of origin.

 

Police nab 93 irregular migrants; repatriation of Thai migrants

Some 93 irregular migrant workers were arrested by immigration authorities following raids conducted in several factories at two industrial areas in Peninsular Malaysia on 3 December. Among those arrested for working without permits or possession of expired travel documents were 46 Bangladeshis, along with nationals from Burma, Indonesia, Vietnam, Nepal and India. Six employers were likewise arrested on charges of harboring irregular migrants.

 

Meanwhile, the government is set to repatriate some 500 (one report cited only 210) irregular Thai migrants on 15 December. Those facing repatriation includes Thai workers who came to Malaysia without securing work permits and female victims of human trafficking syndicates who had been sold into prostitution.

 

Between 2007 and 2009, the Malaysian government had spent RM30.2 million to repatriate 153,729 foreign nationals who had violated immigration laws. According to Deputy Home Minister Datuk Wira Abu Seman Yusop, the government also spent about RM30 a day per detainee held at the immigration detention depot. This amount includes daily management costs but does not cover the cost of medicines.

 

Ex- Immigration director facing bribery charges 

Former Immigration director-general Datuk Wahid Md Don is facing corruption charges in connection with the entry of thousands of Bangladeshi workers into the country last year. Wahid, 57, was accused of accepting a RM60,000 bribe on 10 July 2008 to expedite the work visas of 4,337 Bangladeshi workers in June and July last year.

A witness testified in court that the former director-general had approved close to 3,000 visas for Bangladeshi workers within a two-month period.

 

Protection center for human trafficking victims in Sabah

As part of efforts to combat human trafficking and provide temporary shelter to victims, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development through its Department of Women Development, in cooperation with the Sabah police, have set up a Protection Center for Victims of Human Trafficking in Kota Kinabalu. The center began operations in July 2009. Deputy Minister Datin Paduka Chew Mei Fun, who visited the center recently, met with 17 victims rescued by the police. The women, believed to be in their thirties, come from the Philippines, Indonesia, Cambodia and Vietnam. They will be sent back home once the police have completed their investigations. There are two other protection centers in Kuala Lumpur, one for women and the other for children, and plans are underway to set a few more in Sarawak and other states.

 

173 arrested in 2009 for human trafficking

After authorities began enforcing the Anti-trafficking in Person Act 2007 last February 2009, a total of 173 people were arrested this year on charges of involvement in human trafficking activities. Sixteen of those arrested had been charged in court. On 11 December, the police rescued 12 Filipino women from a trafficking syndicate following a tip-off from the Philippine Embassy. The women, who were between 19 and 31 years old, had allegedly been promised jobs but instead they were held in a house in Jalan Imbi ready to be sold to prostitution agents. Earlier, the police had also apprehended a 58-year old woman believed to be involved in the same syndicate.

 

270 trafficking victims repatriated

Immigration deputy director-general Datuk Raja Mohd Raja announced that since August this year some 270 foreigners held at the immigration detention depot at the Kuala Lumpur International Airport had been released and repatriated. The foreigners, including 71 women, were victims of human trafficking and were held at the temporary shelter to protect them from threats and further exploitation by the syndicates and their agents.

 

UNHCR grants refugee status to 11,000 Burmese in Malaysia

The UNHCR has granted refugee status to some 11,000 Burmese refugees in Malaysia in 2009. Among those recognized by the UN agency were from the Chin, Mon, Kachin, Shan and other Burmese ethnic groups, who are now eligible for resettlement in third countries. Arakans were not among those recognized by the UNHCR this year.

 

Over 5,000 refugees have turned into beggars

More than 5,000 foreign migrants, who were given refugee status by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, have gathered in Butterworth on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia to become beggars. The refugees, mostly from Burma, often used children beggars to easily gain public sympathy.  Since refugees are not allowed to work in the country, many of them resort to begging.  Foreign beggars, mostly from China, Thailand, Burma, Pakistan and India, earn more than white-collared workers but some are believed to have links to “bogus beggar” syndicates.                 

 

Britain to impose visa requirements on Malaysians

Immigration director-general Datuk Abdul Rahman Othman disclosed the possibility that the British government may require visas for Malaysians traveling to the UK starting 2011. According to Othman, British officials have expressed concern over the large number of Malaysians in the UK who have overstayed their visas. Moreover, a repatriation program initiated by Britain for some 20,000 Malaysian overstayers had not been well-received.

 

Fewer foreigners seeking second home in Malaysia

Over the last three years, the number of people who successfully availed of the ‘Malaysia My Second Home Program’ has dropped by half from a high of 2,600 in 2006. The program had hoped to attract wealthy foreigners to live and invest in Malaysia. The investment bank, Citigroup, suggested that Malaysia may be losing its appeal as a haven for wealthy foreigners and retirees. However, Tourism chairman Victor Wee disputed this, saying that authorities reviewing the applications had simply become more discriminating. 

 

Sources: “1.5 Million foreign Workers In Malaysia,” Benama, 1 December 2009; “Malaysia, Indonesia set up task force to resolve maid woes,” Borneo Bulletin, 2 December 2009; Lawi Weng, “UN in Malaysia grants more Burmese refugee status,” Malaysiakini, 3 December 2009; Mustafa Mansur, “Foreign workers dept a step in right direction,” Malaysiakini, 3 December 2009; “Wahid approved 4,337 Bangladeshi workers’ entry court told,” The Star, 4 December 2009; “270 human trafficking victims sent back home,” The Star Online, 4 December 2009; “Fewer seeking second home in Malaysia,” The  Malaysia Insider, 5 December 2009; “93 illegals held in two raids,” New Straits times, 5 December 2009; “Committee needed to oversee entry of non-Malaysians, says Hishammuddin,” The Star, 5 December 2009; “MTUC: Let illegals go under amnesty,” News Straits Times, 7 December 2009; “Overstayers may cause visa ruling,” New Straits Times, 11 December 2009; “Govt spent RM30.2m to deport 153,729,” New Straits Times, 11 December 2009; P. Vijan, “Malaysia may reconsider hiring Bangladeshi workers if economy improves,” Bernama, 12 December 2009; “Malaysia to repatriate illegal Thai workers,” Asia One, 13 December 2009; “Don’t be duped by agents, foreigners told,”The Star, 14 December 2009; Mohd Farhaan Shah, “14 held for leaving M’sia illegally,” The Star, 13 December 2009; “Malaysia sending back 210 Thai workers,” The Nation, 15 December 2009; Beh Yuen Hui, Izatun Shari and A Raman, “5,000 refugees now beggars in Penang,” The Star, 17 December 2009; “MTUC asks the government to declare amnesty for foreign workers,” Bernama, 7 December 2009; “17 human trafficking victims in Sabah centre,” Daily Express, 20 December 2009; “Cops nab 173 for human trafficking this year,” The Star Online, 31 December 2009

  

Philippines (see also Hong Kong, UAE, Other Pacific)

Deployment up in 2009 despite global crisis

The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA) revealed that the deployment of overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) in 2009 increased by 11.7 percent to reach 1,284,133 as of November this year despite the global financial crisis. There was a general increase in rehires, with land-based workers posting a 19 percent increase, from 559,809 in 2008 to 666,158 in 2009. Among sea-based workers there was a gain of 22.5 percent among rehires, from 242,749 in 2008 to 297,467 this year. However, the number of new hires in 2009 went down by 7.6 percent due to lower job orders. Middle East countries continue to be the top destination of OFWs, particularly Saudi Arabia and the UAE. As of October 2009, the number of workers sent to Saudi Arabia totaled 251,888 while 160,242 were deployed to the UAE, 75,742 to Qatar and 38,729 to Kuwait.


Remittances up in 2009

Remittances rose by 6.7 percent in October to reach $1.53 billion. According to Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, the highest monthly remittance level on record so far. The inflow of OFW remittances is traditionally higher in the fourth quarter of the year due to expenses for children’s tuition in the second semester and because of the Christmas holidays. In addition, overseas Filipinos this year also sent more money to their families whose properties were damaged by strong typhoons that hit the country in September and October. Similarly, the Trade Union Congress of the Philippines (TUCP) noted that in the first nine months of 2009, remittances from overseas Filipino seafarers reached a record high of $2.501 billion, which is 4.51 percent higher than the $2.393 billion they sent home during the same period last year. TUCP attributed this to the rise in the enlistment of Filipino seafarers by ship owners in Europe and Asia.

 

The BSP signed an agreement on 2 December with the Association of Bank Remittance Officers, Inc. (ABROI) and other bank associations that would reduce the fees on fund transfers from OFWs. Under the agreement, banks handling OFW remittances may use the BSP’s Philippine Payments and Settlements Systems (PhilPaSS) to transfer the remittance to the beneficiaries’ accounts in other banks. PhilPaSS would act as a local clearing house for the settlement of remittances for credit to other banks. The system will reduce the charge for bank-to-bank remittance transfers to P50 per transaction effective either February or March 2010.

 

Meanwhile, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has another view of remittance inflows. ADB predicts a stagnation of remittance flows to the Philippines. The severe economic problems that hit Dubai are expected to affect the flow of migrant workers to Asia over the next few years. The UAE is the Philippines’ sixth top source of remittances and accounts for about seven percent of total remittances. The ADB said that the absence of a dramatic decline in remittance flows to the Philippines points to the resiliency of remittances and suggests the possibility of recovery within the next few years. It warns receiving countries, however, not to impose restrictions that may impede the adjustment process, such as taxes on remittance flows, mandatory remittance schemes or fixed exchange rate policies.

 

More OFW families are saving, investing: BSP survey

A BSP survey of 524 families conducted by the revealed that 44.8 percent of respondents dependent on OFW remittances in the fourth quarter of 2009 set aside a portion of the money for savings. The corresponding ratio in the first quarter of 2007 was only 7.2 percent. Moreover, the number of families that used part of their remittances for investments rose from 2.3 percent in the first quarter of 2007 to 7.6 percent in the last quarter of 2009. According to the BSP, families relying on OFW remittances are learning to save or invest due to concerns that the global financial crisis might result in the displacement or loss of jobs by Filipino workers abroad.

 

OFWs still subject to discrimination

According to Ellene Sana, executive director of the Center for Migrant Advocacy (CMA), particularly women workers, continue to face discriminatory practices abroad despite policy reforms implemented by the Philippine government. In Hong Kong, for example, all migrant workers except domestic workers, are eligible for residency status after seven years residence. Moreover, domestic workers terminated from their jobs are given only two weeks to look for new employers; otherwise they have to leave the territory. In the Gulf countries, female OFWs are still deprived of rest days and visitation privileges. Their movements are also restricted since their passports are held by employers. Sana added that the limited number of personnel at labor offices abroad and the lack of resources undermine the government’s efforts to improve the plight of Filipino migrant workers.

 

Filipina caregiver wins lawsuit against recruiter in Canada

A Small Claims Court in Toronto, Canada ruled in favor of Filipino caregiver, Marivic Perlas Rivera, in a civil suit she filed against a recruitment agency for failing to provide her with legitimate employment. The judge ordered Winston James and his wife, Lory Felipe, of the Winlorfely Caregiver Providers to pay Rivera damages amounting to over C$10,000. The lawsuit is seen as a turning point in the campaign against unscrupulous recruiters who bring foreign caregivers to Canada for promised jobs that turn out to be non-existent.

 

Job prospects in 2010 for OFWs; labor exporters cautious about job prospects

Labor Secretary Marianito Roque announced on 27 December the availability of thousands of jobs for Filipino professionals in Australia in 2010. He is set to sign a memorandum of agreement with Southern Australia in January that would open the door for highly skilled Filipino workers. An earlier report by the labor department revealed that Australia is expected to hire up to 300,000 Filipino workers over the next three to five years.

 

The Saudi Red Crescent Authority is currently recruiting some 300 male medical workers from the Philippines, including 200 nurses and paramedics and 100 doctors. All applications and inquiries regarding this job offer should be coursed through the Philippines Overseas Employment Authority (POEA) since this is a government-to-government arrangement.

 

Dr. Fely Marilyn Lorenzo of the University of the Philippines Institute of Health Policy and Development revealed that the Philippines faces stiff competition from India, China and other countries as alternative sources of nurses. She said some foreign employers have started looking elsewhere for nurses since Filipinos are less likely to agree to work for long hours, unlike those from Indonesia and Bangladesh. However, she noted that Filipino nurses remain as the most desired among international employers because of their technical edge over nurses from other countries.

 

Recruitment agencies called on the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas to refrain from issuing statements speculating on the possible hike in remittances from new job opportunities that are not yet open to OFWs. The Federated Association of Manpower Exporters (FAME) warned the BSP that its repeated announcements regarding new markets for Filipino workers in New Zealand, Canada and Guam only serve to feed illegal recruiters with information they can use to lure jobseekers. According to FAME, there are no new job orders yet for Guam since the hiring for the construction of a new US military base there is not likely to start by July 2010.  FAME also said that Australia, New Zealand and Canada have stopped issuing new job orders because of the ongoing recession in these three countries.

 

1 in 4 OFWs below 30 years old

According to a report from the National Statistics Office (NSO) based on 2008 data, 25 percent of all OFWs are below 30 years old. The NSO also revealed that female migrant workers tend to be younger compared to their male counterparts. Among female OFWs, some 28.8 percent belonged to the age group, 25 to 29, while 20.3 percent were aged 30 to 34. For male OFWs, the distribution across age groups – 25 to 29, 30 to 34 and 45 years and over – was more even. Overall, one-third worked abroad as laborers and unskilled workers, including domestic workers, cleaners and manufacturing workers.

 

Partial lifting of deployment ban to Lebanon mulled

The Department of Labor and Employment is currently considering the proposal of Philippine Overseas Labor Office (POLO) to partially lift the three-year-old ban on the deployment of Filipino workers to Lebanon. However, Labor Secretary Marianito Roque clarified that if ever the ban would be lifted, it will only apply to hotel and restaurant workers. The deployment ban on domestic workers will stay until the Philippine and Lebanese governments can reach a mutual agreement that would ensure the welfare of Filipino household service workers.

 

Fewer Filipino domestic workers in Taiwan

The rise in the fees being charged by brokers of Filipino domestic workers to Taiwanese employers has reduced the employment of Taiwan-based Filipino household service workers and caregivers by one-third. From a high of 60,000 in the last five years, it is now down to 20,000, according to the Manila Economic and Cultural Office (MECO).

 

MECO director of labor affairs Reydeluz Conferido shared that 2,000 of the 5,000 Filipino workers earlier displaced in Taiwan due to the global financial crisis, have since been reinstated. The positive trend can be attributed to the stimulus package initiated by the Taiwanese government and the recovery of the electronics industry. MECO’s data show that there are now 70,537 Filipino workers in Taiwan, of whom 46,972 are employed in the manufacturing sector.

 

16 seafarers abducted, 17 released

Sixteen Filipino seafarers aboard the Greek-flagged vessel, MV Maran Centaurus, were abducted on 29 November by pirates off the coast of Somalia. The latest pirate attack brings the count of Filipino seafarers held captive to 70. A few days later, on 3 December, Somali pirates released the vessel, MV Charelle, ending the six-month captivity of three Filipino seafarers. Fourteen other Filipino seafarers were released by Somali pirates on 18 December. According to the Department of Foreign Affairs the Filipinos are “all in good health” and their repatriation is now being arranged.  The Labor Department is preparing emergency financial assistance and psycho-social counseling and support services for the abducted seafarers and their families. It also plans to require Filipino seafarers to undergo anti-piracy training to enable them to deal with and avoid piracy situations. As of 18 December, there are 53 Filipino seafarers and four vessels still being held by Somali pirates.

 

Meanwhile, three of 15 Filipino seafarers aboard the Greek cargo ship, M/V Aegan Wind, died after their vessel caught fire off the Venezuelan coast on 25 December.  Three other Filipino sailors remain missing and two others suffered minor burns while trying to put out the fire.

 

Rising cases of trafficking of Filipinos in the UAE

Philippine Consul-General in Dubai Benito B. Valeriano expressed alarm over the rising cases of human trafficking of Filipinos in the UAE in the last two years. He said the diplomatic missions in Beirut, Amman, Damascus and Tel Aviv are facing a similar problem. Meanwhile, the Task Force on Human Trafficking is currently investigating the case of 27 human trafficking victims who have taken refuge at the Philippine Overseas Labor Office (POLO) in Deira, Dubai. Some of the repatriated victims have given their statements to Philippine authorities in Manila identifying their recruiters and the agents responsible for forcing them into prostitution in Dubai.

 

OFW repatriation from the Middle East

Eighty OFWs repatriated from Kuwait and Jordan are set to arrive in the Philippines on 1 January. Among the returnees are 30 OFWs from Kuwait, and 50 are from Jordan. The Philippine Embassy in Amman, Jordan settled the deployment costs and the overstaying penalties imposed on the domestic workers to allow them to be repatriated. The transportation costs for the mass repatriation of the OFWs were shouldered by the Overseas Workers Welfare Administration (OWWA).

 

Ten Filipino children born out of wedlock to OFWs in Kuwait arrived in the Philippines on 4 December accompanied by staff from the Philippine Embassy. The children, aged from four months to four years, were sent home to prevent the deportation of their parents from Kuwait on grounds of immorality.

 

According to the OFW advocacy group, Migrante, some 89 OFWs are stranded in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia after they stopped working for their employer, the Annasban Group of Companies, on 12 October in protest over labor malpractices.  However, Annasban is demanding that each of the 89 OFWs pays the company an amount ranging from 4,000 to 8,000 Saudi Riyals representing deployment costs. The Riyadh-based POLO is negotiating with Annasban to clear the case of the Filipino workers so they can be repatriated. In Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, some 265 stranded overseas Filipino workers are also awaiting repatriation. The workers are currently staying at a safe house run by the Philippine Consulate General. OWWA administrator Carmelita Dimzon assured the families of the stranded OFWs that the workers will be flown home as soon as they get the necessary exit clearances from the host government.

 

Some 144 Filipino workers detained in Lebanon for immigration-related violations have been released after Philippine officials settled the workers’ immigration fees, employers’ deployment costs and other charges. They are scheduled to arrive in Manila in two batches, with the first one, consisting of 45 adults and three children, arriving on 28 December. The second batch, made up of 105 adults, is expected to arrive home the following day.  The DFA told the workers to file a case against their recruiters for violating the ban on the deployment of workers to Lebanon. The DFA has also arranged for the repatriation of 29 other OFWs, 25 from Jeddah and four from Damascus. They are expected to arrive in the Philippines on 26 December. Meanwhile, 12 Filipino seafarers who survived the sinking of the Panamanian vessel, Dany F II, off the waters of Lebanon arrived in the Philippines on 25 December.

 

OFWs in jail, death row

The OFW advocacy group, Migrante, has called on the DFA to provide regular updates on the cases of Filipino workers abroad who are facing the death penalty. According to the group, 23 OFWs are currently on death row, 20 of them in Saudi Arabia, but little is known about their cases. Since 2001, six OFWs had been beheaded in Saudi Arabia, while 14 cases of OFWs on death row had been commuted. According to the DFA, it is closely monitoring the cases of 85 Filipinos working in China, Malaysia and Middle East countries who had been meted the death penalty. Fifty of them are in mainland China, Macao and Hong Kong facing drug trafficking charges; 10 are in Malaysia also on drug-related offenses; while the remaining 15 are in Saudi Arabia and other Arab countries. At least 1,000 Filipinos are being held in various detention centers abroad on immigration-related violations.

 

183 Filipinos held in China for drug trafficking

Some 183 Filipinos, mostly women, are detained in China on charges of illegal drug trafficking. Since 2007, 48 Filipinos have been meted the death penalty while 26 were sentenced to life imprisonment for bringing illegal drugs into China. Philippine Ambassador to China Sonia Cataumber Brady called on Filipinos to shun offers from drug syndicates to act as couriers of illegal drugs to China or elsewhere. Some of those arrested claimed that the drugs had been given to them by people who befriended them in transit or in another country. These “friends” allegedly gave them plane tickets and pocket money for travel to Hong Kong, Macau or mainland China and promised to pay them US$500 or more after the drugs are delivered to a contact person at their destination.

 

Intensified screening of Saudi-bound OFWs sought

The Saudi Arabian Embassy in Manila recently issued an advisory to clinics authorized to conduct medical exams for Filipino workers bound for Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Oman. Clinics are asked to strictly follow the medical protocols imposed by Gulf countries in order to prevent the entry of infectious diseases, particularly HIV/AIDS. The move came amid reports from the Department of Health about the increasing number of HIV/AIDS cases in the Philippines, with some 629 new cases identified in the first ten months of 2009.

 

OFWs avail of licensure exams

A total of 1,205 OFWs in the Middle East took licensure examinations for engineers, architects, accountants and master electricians administered by the Philippine Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) in Jeddah and Alkhobar in Saudi Arabia on 27-29 November and in Doha, Qatar and Abu Dhabi, UAE on 2-4 December. President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo has ordered PRC this year to make the giving of licensure exams to OFWs a regular program, particularly in countries with a huge OFW population.

 

Filipinos migrating to marry foreign nationals

Data from the Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO) reveal that more Filipinos are leaving for abroad every year in order to get married. In 1989, there were some 7,819 Filipino fiancés of foreign nationals who left the country. This figure rose to 21,100 in 2005 and in 2007, it reached 23,927. Majority of the 333,672 Filipinos who married foreign nationals between 1989 and 2007 are women from the National Capital Region and Central Luzon. The CFO reported further that 20 percent of the Filipinos admitted meeting their future spouses over the Internet.

 

Sources: “16 Pinoy seamen abducted off Somalia,” Malaya, 2 December 2009; “OFWs in Canada, Japan hike remittances,” Manila Bulletin, 2 December 2009; Dyan Ruiz, “First caregiver court victory hailed: Caregivers fighting back in court,” ABS-CBN News, 2 December 2009; Mayen Jaymalin, “More Pinoy going abroad to find partner,” The Philippine Star, 2 December 2009; “BSP: Banks to lower fee for remittances in 2010,” Visayan Daily Star, 3 December 2009; Ronald Concha, “1,205 OFWs in Mideast take special licensure exam,” GMA News, 3 December 2009; “3 Filipino seafarers freed, 67 remain in Somalia,” GMA News, 5 December 2009; “RP nurses face stiff competition from foreign counterparts,” Manila Bulletin, 5 December 2009; Michelle Remo, “Remittances coming in strong,” Philippines Daily Inquirer, 6 December 2009; “10 illegitimate Filipino kids repatriated from Kuwait,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 6 December 2009; “Saudi hospital needs 300 male OFWs – labor chief,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 6 December 2009; “Says TUPC: Filipino sailors remit record US$2.5B in 9 months,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 9 December 2009; “Dole addresses sea-faring piracy impact,” The Daily Tribune, 11 December 2009; “Saudi gov’t to Manila clinics: Intensify tests and screening of Pinoy workers,” The Daily Tribune, 11 December 2009; “OFWs remain vulnerable to discrimination, rights violation,” GMA News, 12 December 2009; Jerome Aning, “Regular update on OFWs on death row sought,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 13 December 2009; “Trafficking of Pinoy to UAE alarms RP officials,” GMA News, 13 December 2009; Lily B. Libo-on, “Philippines investigates human trafficking cases,” Khaleej Times, 13 December 2009; “Fees cut number of Pinoy domestic help in Taiwan,” GMA News, 14 December 2009; Bernie Cahiles-Magkilat, “Brighter OFW prospects in Taiwan seen,” Manila Bulletin, 14 December 2009; Jerome Aning, “BSP warned on raising OFW hopes,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 14 December 2009; Elaine R. Alanguilan, “Meco starts focus on high value jobs in Taiwan,”  Manila Standard Today, 15 December 2009; “More OFW households save, invest,” Malaya, 15 December 2009; “OWWA vows to help stranded overseas workers,” Manila Bulletin, 16 December 2009; Lily B. Libo-on and Amira Agarib, “Marked rise in cases involving Filipinos, says diplomat,” Khaleej Times, 13 December 2009; “Somali pirates release 14 Filipino seafarers – DFA,” GMA News TV, 18 December 2009; Bernice Camille Bauzon, “Deployment of OFWs up by 11.7% in 2009,” The Manila Times, 18 December 2009; “Pinoys still fall prey to drug mule syndicates in China,” GMA News TV, 19 December 2009; “183 Filipinos in China jails for illegal drugs,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 20 December 2009; Darwin Amojelar, “Remittances seen to stagnate,” Manila Times, 21 December 2009; Gerard M, Naval, “Lifting OFW ban on Lebanon studied,” Malaya, 22 December 2009; “Lebanese government frees 144 jailed Filipino workers,” Manila Times, 25 December 2009; “RP survivors of Lebanon sinking arrive home,” GMA News TV, 25 December 2009; “DFA repatriates 185 OFWs from Middle East,” ABS-CBN News, 25 December 2009; Gilberto Felongco, “Manila arranges for repatriation of workers,” Gulf News, 27 December 2009; “Australia to hire thousands of OFWs,” GMA News TV, 27 December 2009; Michaela del Callar, “Three Pinoy sailors killed in Greek cargo ship blaze,” The Daily Tribune, 28 December 2009; “Thousand of jobs await skilled Pinoys workers in Australia,” Philippine Headline News Online, 28 December 2009; “Australia jobs in offing,” Malaya, 28 December 2009; Maricel Burgonio, “BSP discourages offshore remittance tie-ups,” Manila Times, 28 December 2009; “45 maltreated OFWs arrive from Lebanon,” ABS-CBN News, 29 December 2009; Kris Alingod, “Ambassador tells Filipinos from Lebanon to file complaints against recruiters,” All Headline News, 30 December 2009; Estrella Torres, “DFA monitoring cases of 85 death-row Filipinos,” Business Mirror, 30 December 2009; Estrella Torres, “Fake work permits send 1,000 OFWs to detention,” Business Mirror, 30 December 2009; “80 runaway OFWs from Kuwait, Jordan to return on Jan. 1,” ABS-CBN News, 30 December 2009; Madel Sabater, “RP maintains strong migrant presence abroad,” Manila Bulletin, 30 December 2009; “Philippines stands by ban on working in Lebanon,” The Daily Star, 30 December 2009; Dennis Carcamo, “Help OFWs eligible for royal pardon in Saudi,” ABS-CBN News, 30 December 2009; Michaela del Callar, “Ban on OFW deployment in Lebanon still on – DFA,” Tribune, 30 December 2009; “265 stranded OFWs in Saudi Arabia await repatriation-Migrante,” Philippine Star, 31 December 2009; “DFA urges duped OFWs to sue recruiters,” Manila Times, 31 December 2009; 60 runaways from Jordan coming home for the New Year,” GMA News TV, 31 December 2009; “OFWs recount Lebanon ordeal, shares hope,” GMA News TV, 31 December 2009; “183 Pinoys in China’s jail for drug trafficking,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 31 December 2009

 

Singapore (see also Indonesia)

Foreign workers are one-third of Singapore’s workforce

Over the last few years, Singapore has been experiencing a rapid economic growth powered by a substantial increase in its labor force. However, according to Citigroup economist Kit Wei Zheng, it is still unclear if the growth made possible by the import of a huge number of foreign migrant workers is a sustainable strategy for Singapore. As of 2008, foreign workers comprised one-third of the country’s three-million work force. However, according to a report issued by the Asia Competitiveness Institute, the actual productivity of Singaporean labor has gone down.

 

More foreign workers wanted for certain sectors

According to a survey conducted by the Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce last November, the manufacturing and construction industries want the government to raise their foreign worker quota. Currently, foreign workers already account for 70 percent of the work force in these two sectors. According to them, locals are not interested in construction and manufacturing jobs because of irregular working hours, low wages and remote work locations.

 

English proficiency, a must in three industries

Minister of State for Manpower and Trade and Industry Lee Yi Shyan announced on 2 December that new foreign workers seeking jobs in three industries where English-speaking is essential must pass an English language proficiency test before they can get work permits. The new requirement, which will take effect starting the third quarter of 2010, is for foreign workers in the hotel, retail and food-and-beverage industries, where regular interaction with customers is expected.

 

Recruiters urged to change agency practices

At a news conference to commemorate the UN Human Rights Day and the International Migrants’ Day this month, advocacy groups called on recruitment agencies to reduce the cost of coming to Singapore by foreign domestic workers. According to NGOs, many foreign domestic workers in Singapore go without pay for six to ten months to pay off the huge amount being charged by agents. Agencies often deduct from the workers’ salaries the full S$2,500 to S$3,000 paid by employers to hire a domestic worker.

Sources: Fiona Chan, “Decline productivity here a problem,” Asia One, 2 December 2009; Cheryl Lim, “Foreign workers’ English boost,” Asia One, 3 December 2009; “Foreign domestic workers pay more to come to S’pore despite regulations,” Channel New Asia, 6 December 2009; S. Ramesh, “SCCCI survey cites difficulties in hiring workers for certain sectors,” Channel News Asia, 8 December 2009

 

Thailand (see also North Korea, Malaysia)

Over 4000 Hmong asylum seekers repatriated

Thailand repatriated over 4,000 ethnic Hmong to Laos on 28-29 December despite criticism from the international community. The US expressed fear that the Hmong returnees could face persecution from the Laotian government while the European Union said it was ‘deeply dismayed’ over the forcible deportations. The UNHCR accused Thailand of breaching international laws when it forced the Hmong refugees back to Laos. However, the Thai government claimed that most of the ethnic Hmong were economic migrants who entered Thailand without the necessary permits and thus were ineligible for refugee status.

 

Welfare fund for migrant workers pushed

NGO representatives and labor activists have called on the government to start a new welfare fund for foreign migrant workers who incurred work-related injuries or disabilities in Thailand. The group proposed to start the scheme by collecting contributions from employers. According to Wandee Sribua-iam, a migrant worker leader in Samut Sakhon, several employers discover belatedly that they cannot afford the expenses for work-related incidents involving migrant workers who end up injured, disabled or killed.

 

Sources: “New fund sought for migrant workers,” Bangkok Post, 20 December 2009; “Thailand starts deporting Hmong to Laos,” Khaleej Times, 28 December 2009; “Says official: Thailand begins operation to deport Hmongs,” Philippine Daily Inquirer, 28 December 2009; “Repatriation of Hmong from camp in N. Thailand to Laos going on smoothly: Thai PM,” People’s Daily Online, 28 December 2009; “Thailand begins operation to deport Hmong: army,” Sydney Morning Herald, 28 December 2009; “Troops raid camp, 4, 371 deported,” Today, 29 December 2009; “Kicked out!,” The Standard, 29 December 2009; Sukree Sukplang and Prapan Chankaew, “Thai move to kick out thousands of asylum-seekers angers West,” The Daily Star, 29 December 2009; “Thai troops deport 4,000 Hmongs to Laos,” Khaleej Times, 30 December 2009; “UN says Thailand breaches law deporting Hmong refugees,” The Manila Times, 30 December 2009’ “Hmong saga: Thais breached law, says UN,” Today, 30 December 2009

 

Vietnam

Poor showing for labor-export scheme

The innovative labor-export program, aimed at reducing the poverty rate in the country’s poorest districts, has shown poor results this year. The program, introduced on 29 April, has managed to send only 300 workers for overseas employment out of the 2,400 workers who registered for the scheme. It also falls short of the government’s goal to send 5,000 workers abroad this year. Inadequate promotion and communication, lack of cooperation among local authorities and complicated procedures have been blamed for the poor results of the labor export scheme.

 

3,000 undocumented foreign workers found in HCM City

Ho Chi Minh (HCM) City authorities have detected nearly 3,000 undocumented foreign workers following an examination of the employment records of some 3,733 companies. This year, the department conducted some 800 labor inspections, mostly of big and well-known companies, with the cooperation of the police. Labor inspectors said that companies found violating the law blamed their lapse on the complicated formalities of securing work permits for their foreign workers. However, according to the HCM City Department of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs, it takes only seven days to process the work permits of foreign workers who have all the necessary documents. To date, the department has granted work permits to 12, 412 foreigners. At present, there are some 16,811 foreign migrant workers employed in the city.

 

Police busts human trafficking ring

The police in the southern province of Tay Ninh uncovered a human trafficking syndicate and arrested four people on charges of trafficking 400 women to Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan and South Korea under the guise of providing matchmaking services. The four, including suspected ring leader, Nguyen Ngoc Yen, were arrested while trying to get three women to board a plane at the Tan Son Nhat airport in Ho Chi Minh City. Seized from Nguyen Ngoc Yen’s home was a book listing the names of some 1,055 trafficked women. The police was able to identify 233 of the women who were mostly from Cuu Long province in the Mekong Delta region.

 

Sources: “City firms violate expat Labor laws,” Viet Nam News, 4 December 2009; “Problems plague labour export plan for disadvantaged workers,” Viet Nam News, 7 December 2009; “Marriage brokers charged with human trafficking,” Vietnam Net, 18 December 2009; “Four to be prosecuted for trafficking 400 women,” Today, 19 December 2009; “Nearly 3000 Illegal foreign workers in HCM City,” Vietnam Net, 21 December 2009

 

PACIFIC

Australia (see also Philippines, New Zealand)

10 unauthorized boat arrivals intercepted in December

Australian border officials have intercepted a total of 61 unauthorized boat arrivals this year involving more than 2,500 people. For the month of December alone, they intercepted some 10 boats carrying more than 300 suspected asylum seekers, all of whom were taken to Christmas Island to undergo security, identity and health checks and to establish the reason for their travel. The recent surge in unauthorized boat arrivals has caused overcrowding in the immigration detention facilities in Christmas Island, forcing authorities to set up tents for additional accommodations. The island’s detention facility has a capacity of 1,400. This situation has prompted Australian authorities to transport 30 young Afghan asylum seekers to a secured facility in Melbourne where they will await the assessment of their cases for protection by the immigration officers. Their relocation to the mainland has ignited a debate over the Australian government’s commitment to offshore processing. Opposition immigration spokesperson Scott Morrison called on the government to seek an alternative to off-shore processing if the facilities on Christmas Island prove to be insufficient.

 

$30-M package to Christmas Island

The Shire of Christmas Island has sent the Rudd government a 21-point request, including an exit strategy for asylum seekers held in the tiny territory.  The move comes amid concerns over the mounting pressure Australia’s offshore detention program has on local residents. The Shire document also raised the issue about the impact of the presence of some 300 detention workers from mainland Australia who have nothing in common with the local population, composed mainly of Chinese and Malays. In response, the Rudd government announced a A$50 million- fund package to help improve the island’s infrastructure and services. The Australian government has also granted the island some A$11.3 million to provide a fiber optic network for the territory.

 

UNHCR grants refugee status to 78 Tamils rescued by Oceanic Viking

The UNHCR has completed its assessment of the 78 Sri Lankan asylum seekers rescued in October by the customs vessel, the Oceanic Viking, and designated all of them as genuine refugees. This is the first step towards their resettlement to a third country. Both New Zealand and Sweden have refused to take in any of the Tamil asylum seekers but Romania accepted 16 and Australia has taken in 31. Fifteen other Tamils from the same boat were also accepted for resettlement in Canada and Australia earlier this month.

 

The 78 were picked up by the Australian customs vessel when their boat’s engine broke down in international waters near Indonesia last October. The asylum seekers were first brought to the Indonesian island of Bintan, but they refused to leave the vessel. They stayed aboard the Viking for almost a month.

 

Digital scan for asylum seekers in Melbourne, Sydney

Immigration Minister Chris Evans announced a new voluntary scheme for protection visa applicants in Sydney and Melbourne in an effort to improve border security. Under the scheme, asylum seekers in these two state capitals would be asked to submit to a digital scan of their faces and fingerprints. For the next six months, participation in the scheme would be purely voluntary and confined to Melbourne and Sydney. However, the scheme may be expanded to the rest of the country and be made compulsory at the end of the pilot program. Refugee and privacy advocates have expressed opposition to the scheme.

 

Australians have positive attitude to immigration: Survey

The latest Mapping Social Cohesion Survey of 3,500 respondents found that attitude towards immigrants remained positive even during the economic downturn. Only 37 percent of Australians found the current migration intake to be too high. However, the findings suggest a potential for ethnic tensions in economically disadvantaged areas that have a high immigrant concentration if the economy worsens and unemployment rates rose significantly.

 

Immigration boosts Australia’s population

The Bureau of Statistics reports that the number of permanent and long term migrants coming to Australia has reached more than 500,000 a year. It estimates that in the one-year period ending in June 2009, the country’s population increased by 443,139 people, two-thirds of whom come from net overseas migration totaling 285,347 in the same period.

 

China tops biggest source of immigration

China has emerged as the leading source of migrants to Australia in the four-month period until the end of October 2009. For the first time, Chinese migration, totaling 6,350 has eclipsed the permanent or long-term arrivals from New Zealand (4,740) and Britain (5,800), traditionally the biggest sources of migrants to Australia. The latest migration figures showed declines of 28 percent and 47 percent in the number of migrants over the year from the UK and New Zealand, respectively.

 

Targeted skilled migration program pushed

According to the Department of Immigration and Citizenship’s publication, Emigration 2008-09, some 81,018 Australian residents permanently left the country during the year. Most of those leaving are young skilled workers in the ages of 25 to 44. New Zealand, the UK, the US, Hong Kong and Singapore are among the primary countries of destination. The report pushed for the continued implementation of Australia’s targeted skilled migration program to meet the labor demand in areas such as healthcare, engineering and information technology.

 

More Australians moving to NZ

Recent newspaper reports revealed that migration from Australia to New Zealand has doubled in the past decade. In the one-year period ending in June 2009, reports showed that some 14,352 Australians moved to New Zealand. Most of them are young, skilled workers attracted to the short-term trade opportunities in New Zealand. This figure is higher than the 14,160 people who made the move in the previous year and double the 7,468 who migrated in 1998-99.

 

Sources: Jeff Turnbull, “Australia ‘world champions of diversity,’” The Sydney Morning Herald, 1 December 2009; Tim Colebatch, “Migration numbers at record high,” The Age, 4 December 2009; “Another asylum boat intercepted,” ABC News, 4 December 2009; “ID crackdown on asylum seekers living in Melbourne and Sydney,” Herald Sun, 5 December 2009; Peter Martin, “China now biggest source of migrants,” The Sydney Morning Herald, 8 December 2009; Samantha Maiden, “Boat carrying 53 asylum-seekers intercepted off Christmas Island,” The Australian, 10 December 2009; “Reports highlights need to maintain Australia’s skilled migrant program,” Australia Visa Bureau, 10 December 2009; Paul Maley and Michael McKenna, “Sweden refuses to resettle Viking Tamils,” The Australian, 11 December 2009; Karlis Salna, “Asylum seekers being forced into tents,” The Sydney Morning Herald, 11 December 2009; “Asylum seeker boat eludes surveillance,” The Sydney Morning Herald, 11 December 2009; Tamara Mclean, “Aussie ‘seeing light’ by moving to NZ,” The Sydney Morning Herald, 14 December 2009; Ari Sharp, “Asylum seeker move to Darwin attacked,” The Age, 15 December 2009; Paul Maley, “Latest asylum boat arrival pushes Christmas Island to the brink,” The Australian, 16 December 2009; Paul Maley and Debbie Guest, “78 Sri Lankans rescued from Oceanic Viking granted refugee status,” The Australian, 16 December 2009; Jonathan Pearlman, “Christmas Island to get $50m package,” The Sydney Morning Herald, 16 December 2009; Tom Allard, “Forgotten asylum seekers left in squalor,” The Age, 18 December 2009; “Asylum seekers leave Indonesia,” Sydney Morning Herald, 20 December 2009; “Australian authorities relocate asylum-seekers,” People’s Daily Online, 23 December 2009; “Ari Sharp and Daniel Flitton, “Offshore processing policy ‘unchanged’,” Sydney Morning Herald, 24 December 2009; “Navy intercepts asylum seeker boat,” Sydney Morning Herald;  “Australian navy intercepts boats of asylum seekers,” People’s Daily Online, 27 December 2009; “Australian opposition rejects calls to take asylum seekers,” People’s Daily Online, 28 December 2009; “Another ‘asylum seeker’ boat arrives,” Sydney Morning Herald, 29 December 2009; Crystal Ja and Melissa Iaria, Indonesia seeks ‘deal’ on asylum seekers,” Sydney Morning Herald, 29 December 2009; “Indonesia seeking asylum seeker deal,” The Age, 30 December 2009; AAP, “Third suspected asylum boat intercepted,” Sydney Morning Herald, 30 December 2009; “Australia to decide after UN assesses claims in refugee stand-off: Minister,” People’s Daily Online, 30 December 2009

 

New Zealand (see also Australia)

Increase in net migration

Statistics New Zealand reported a net gain in the country’s population of 20,000 permanent and long-term migrants in the last 12 months to November 2009. The decline in the number of departures from New Zealand contributed significantly to the increase in the annual net migration. The net permanent and long-term outflow to Australia was estimated at 19,500, down from the 35,300 reported in the same period last year.

 

Sources: “Biggest influx of migrants since 2004,” New Zealand Herald, 21 December 2009; “New Zealand’s net migrant inflow surges,” Business Wire, 21 December 2009; “Stay-at-home push population up,” New Zealand Herald, 22 December 2009

 

Other Pacific

CNMI alien workers urged to apply for non-immigrant work classification

The US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has called on all foreign migrant workers and employers in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) to start applying for non-immigrant work classification under the US Immigration and Nationality Act. Professional workers may apply for an H visa while workers on inter-company transfers may seek L visas that would also enable them to leave and re-enter the CNMI freely. The call was made after the commonwealth’s immigration system came under federal control starting 28 November 2009.

 

Aliens in CNMI asked to register with Ombudsman

The Office of the Federal Ombudsman of the CNMI has announced the registration of all aliens living in the commonwealth from 14 to 29 December 2009. The move is pursuant to the federalization law which requires the US Department of the Interior to report the total number of aliens living in the commonwealth to the American Congress. Under the said law, the US Department of the Interior is also asked to forward to the US Congress its recommendations regarding the long-term status of aliens living in the CNMI as of 28 November 2009, the date when the commonwealth’s immigration system fell under federal control. As of 15 December more than 10,000 alien workers have registered with the Office of the Ombudsman. Meanwhile, Dekada Movement counsel Stephen Woodruff cautioned alien workers who do not have ‘umbrella permits’ not to register with the Ombudsman because they risk being targeted for deportation by US immigration authorities. 

 

Foreign workers file lawsuit vs. Labor Department

The Federal Ombudsman’s Office has helped more than 10 Filipino and Chinese migrant workers to file separate lawsuits against the CNMI Department of Labor in the last two weeks of November. In their petition, the foreign workers had asked the Superior Court to nullify the Labor Secretary’s order denying their request for an extension period to transfer to new employers. The petitioners also asked the Court’s intervention to allow them to transfer to new employers. An earlier ruling by Superior Court Associate Judge David Wiseman allowed alien workers with pending labor cases to obtain two-year transition conditional permits or “umbrella permits.”

 

Labor Department to assist overstayers to return home

The CNMI Department of Labor announced that it will assist overstaying foreign migrant workers who want to voluntarily return home to claim their repatriation tickets. Foreigners who entered the CNMI as 240K foreign workers are entitled to repatriation tickets which may be claimed from their last employer on record.

 

Sources: Ferdie de la Torre, “Labor Ombudsman assists over 10 workers file lawsuits against Labor,” Saipan Tribune, 1 December 2009; Haidee Eugenio, “AHS Urges workers employers: Apply for H, L, other work visas now,” Saipan Tribunes, 1 December 2009; Ferdie de la Torre, “Labor will assist who wont to claim repatriation tickets,” Saipan Tribune, 5 December 2009;   Ferdie de la Torre, “Ombudsman to count alien workers,” Saipan Tribune, 11 December 2009; Ferdie de la Torre, “Brown: over 10,000 foreign workers already registered,” Saipan Tribune, 16 December 2009

            

Editors

Fabio Baggio and Maruja Asis

Researchers

Isabelle Beauclerq, Katherine Toribio, Leonila Domingo and John Paul Asis

Citation

Asian Migration News, 1-31 December 2009

Past Issues

http://www.smc.org.ph/amnews/amnarch.htm

Correspondence

Scalabrini Migration Center
PO Box 10541 Broadway Centrum
1113 Quezon City - Philippines
Tel. (63-2) 724 3512
Fax: (63-2) 721 4296
e-mail:
smc@smc.org.ph